Lintho tse ka sehloohong tse tala bakeng sa ho etsa libotlolo tsa khalase
Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse sebelisetsoang ho lokisa betch ea khalase li bitsoa ka kakaretso e le lisebelisoa tse tala tsa khalase.Sehlopha sa khalase bakeng sa tlhahiso ea indasteri ke motsoako oa likarolo tse 7 ho isa ho tse 12 tsa motho ka mong.Ho ipapisitse le palo ea bona le ts'ebeliso ea bona, e ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa khalase le lisebelisoa.
Lintho tse tala tse tala li bua ka thepa e tala eo ho eona li-oxide tse fapaneng li kenngoa ka har'a khalase, joalo ka lehlabathe la quartz, sandstone, limestone, feldspar, soda ash, boric acid, lead compound, bismuth compound, joalo-joalo. khalase ka mor'a ho qhibiliha.
Lisebelisoa tse thusang ke lisebelisoa tse fang khalase ts'ebetso ea bohlokoa kapa e potlakileng ea ho qhibiliha.Li sebelisoa ka tekanyo e nyane, empa li sebetsa e le tsa bohlokoa haholo.Li ka aroloa ka li-clarifying agents le li-coloring agents ho latela karolo eo ba e bapalang.
Decolorizer, opacifier, oxidant, flux.
Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa khalase li rarahane ho feta, empa li ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tse tala le lisebelisoa tse thusang ho latela mesebetsi ea tsona.Lintho tse ka sehloohong tse tala li etsa 'mele o ka sehloohong oa khalase' me li khetholla boholo ba 'mele le lik'hemik'hale tsa khalase.Lisebelisoa tse thusang li fana ka thepa e khethehileng ho khalase 'me li tlisa boiketlo ba mokhoa oa ho etsa.
1, lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa khalase
(1) Lehlabathe la silika kapa borax: Karolo ea mantlha ea lehlabathe la silika kapa borax e kentsoeng ka khalaseng ke silika kapa boron oxide, e ka qhibilihang ka thoko ho 'mele oa khalase nakong ea mollo, e khethollang thepa ea mantlha ea khalase, eo ka tsela e tšoanang e bitsoang silicate khalase. kapa boron.Khalase ea letsoai ea acid.
(2) Soda kapa letsoai la Glauber: Karolo e kholo ea soda le thenardite e kentsoeng ka khalase ke sodium oxide.Ka calcination, ba etsa letsoai le nang le mafura a mabeli a nang le acidic oxide e kang silica sand, e sebetsang e le ho phalla le ho etsa hore khalase e be bonolo.Leha ho le joalo, haeba litaba li le ngata haholo, tekanyo ea ho atolosa mocheso oa khalase e tla eketseha 'me matla a ho tsitsa a tla fokotseha.
(3) Limestone, dolomite, feldspar, joalo-joalo: Karolo e ka sehloohong ea lejoe la mokoetla le kenngoeng ka khalase ke calcium oxide, e matlafatsang botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale le matla a mochine oa khalase, empa lintho tse feteletseng li etsa hore khalase e khanye le ho fokotsa mocheso o hanyetsang.
E le thepa e tala bakeng sa ho hlahisa magnesium oxide, dolomite e ka eketsa pepeneneng ea khalase, ea fokotsa katoloso ea mocheso, 'me ea ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa metsi.
Feldspar e sebelisoa e le thepa e tala bakeng sa ho kenyelletsa alumina, e laolang mocheso o qhibilihisang le ho ntlafatsa nako e telele.Ho phaella moo, feldspar e ka boela ea fana ka likarolo tsa potassium oxide ho ntlafatsa thepa ea ho atolosa mocheso oa khalase.
(4) Khalase e robehileng: Ka kakaretso, ha se lisebelisoa tsohle tse ncha tse sebelisoang ha ho etsoa likhalase, empa 15% -30% ea khalase e robehileng e kopantsoe.
2, lisebelisoa tse thusang tsa khalase
(1) Setsi sa decolorizing: litšila tse ka har'a thepa e tala, joalo ka iron oxide, li tla tlisa 'mala oa khalase.Soda e sebelisoang ka tloaelo, sodium carbonate, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, joalo-joalo li sebelisoa e le li-decolorizing agents, tse hlahisang mebala e tlatsanang le 'mala oa pele oa khalase.Khalase e fetoha e se nang 'mala.Ho phaella moo, ho na le ntho e fokotsang 'mala e khonang ho etsa motsoako oa' mala o bobebe o nang le litšila tse mebala-bala, tse kang sodium carbonate e ka oxidized ka iron oxide ho etsa ferric oxide, e le hore khalase e fetohe ho tloha ho e tala ho ea ho mosehla.
(2) Li-colorants: Li-oxide tse ling tsa tšepe li ka qhibiliha ka ho toba ka har'a tharollo ea khalase ho kenya mebala ea khalase.Haeba oxide ea tšepe e etsa hore khalase e be mosehla kapa e tala, manganese oxide e ka bonahala e le pherese, cobalt oxide e ka bonahala e le putsoa, nickel oxide e ka bonahala e le sootho, 'me koporo ea koporo le chromium oxide e ka bonahala e le tala.
(3) Moemeli oa ho hlakisa: Moemeli oa ho hlakisa a ka fokotsa viscosity ea khalase e qhibilihisang, e le hore li-bubble tse hlahisoang ke lik'hemik'hale li ka baleha le ho hlakisa habonolo.Lisebelisoa tse hlakisang tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo ke tjhoko, sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, letsoai la ammonium, manganese dioxide le tse ling tse joalo.
(4) Opacifier: Opacifier e ka fetola khalase hore e be 'mele o khanyang oa lebese.Li-opacifiers tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo ke cryolite, sodium fluorosilicate, tin phosphide, joalo-joalo.Li khona ho etsa likaroloana tsa 0.1 - 1.0 μm tse emisitsoeng ka khalase ho etsa hore khalase e be opacified.
Nako ea poso: Nov-22-2019